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1.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 34(1): 143-156, ene.-mar. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-708898

ABSTRACT

La sensibilización a alimentos y el desarrollo de alergias alimentarias viene aumentando en todo el mundo, siendo la leche de vaca y el huevo de gallina los principales alimentos implicados. En la mayoría de los países latinoamericanos no existen guías de manejo y cuando se elaboren deberán adaptarse a las condiciones de la población de cada región. En el presente artículo presentamos una revisión del manejo de la alergia alimentaria a la leche y al huevo útil para el personal de salud de todos los niveles, así como algunas consideraciones de los factores presentes en los países latinoamericanos.


Sensitization to food allergens, as well as the development of food allergies, is increasing worldwide, and cow´s milk and hen´s eggs are the main implicated foods. In most Latin American countries there are no management guidelines on the aforementioned topics; at their creation, such guidelines should be adapted to the conditions of the population in each region. This paper presents a review of the management of food allergy to milk and eggs useful for health personnel at all levels and some considerations of the factors found in Latin American developing countries.


Subject(s)
Humans , Egg Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Egg Hypersensitivity/therapy , Milk Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Milk Hypersensitivity/therapy , Decision Trees , Egg Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Latin America , Milk Hypersensitivity/epidemiology
2.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 84(6): 641-649, dic. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-703287

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La calidad de vida y estado nutricional del lactante con alergia a la proteína de leche de vaca (APLV) pueden comprometerse sin un adecuado diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno. Objetivo: Describir síntomas digestivos, antecedentes familiares y perinatales, estado nutricional y respuesta de lactantes < 12 meses con APLV entre junio de 2007 y agosto de 2011. Pacientes y Método: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo en lactantes < 12 meses de edad que consultan por sospecha de APVL. Se investigaron antecedentes familiares, perinatales y características clínicas. Se excluyó a los casos sin prueba de alimentación o provocación abierta, o cuyo motivo de consulta correspondió a otra patología. Se usó el programa STATA especial edición 11,1 para el análisis estadístico. Se consideró estadístico y significativo un p < 0,05. Resultados: Se diagnosticaron 40 lactantes (57,5 por ciento varones), edad 3,0 +/- 0,4 meses, clínica de 2 +/- 0,3 meses de: vómito/regurgitación: 20, diarrea sanguinolenta: 8, falla en el crecimiento: 4, cólico/irritabilidad: 4, deposición normal con sangre en 3. Los antecedentes familiares y perinatales fueron ingesta de biberón en la 1ª semana de vida: 35, madre > 30 años: 31 casos, atopia en 2 familiares (padres/hermanos): 28, parto por cesárea: 27. Al seguimiento de 14 +/- 1,4 meses, 19 respondieron a fórmula ampliamente hidrolizada +/- seno; 19 a fórmula de aminoácidos +/- seno y un paciente lactancia exclusiva. El Z-score de P/E:-1,05 +/- 1,28; T/E: -0,96 +/- 1,60; IMC: -0,61 +/- 1,03 en primera consulta, mejoró al año: P/E: -0,15 +/- 1,24; T/E: -0,29 +/- 1,14 e IMC: -0,04 +/- 1,20 (p < 0,05), independiente de la fórmula (p = NS). Veintitres toleraron leche entera al año. Conclusiones: En este estudio los síntomas predominantes al inicio de los pacientes con APLV fueron vómitos, regurgitación y diarrea sanguinolenta. Entre los antecedentes destacan la exposición temprana a PLV, atopia familiar y parto por cesárea...


Introduction: Quality of life and nutritional status of infants with cow's milk protein allergy (CMA) can be compromised without a proper diagnosis and treatment. Objective: To describe digestive symptoms, family and perinatal history and nutritional status of < 12 month infants with CMA between June 2007 and August 2011. Patients and Method: A retrospective and descriptive study in < 12 month old infants suspecting CMA was performed. Family history, perinatal and clinical characteristics were studied. Cases without food test or open challenge test, or whose reason for consultation corresponded to other pathology were excluded. The program STATA 11.1 was used for statistical analysis and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 40 infants (57.5 percent boys), age 3 +/- 0.4 months and history of 2 +/- 0.3 months presenting the following: 20 of them (50 percent, vomiting/regurgitation; 8 (20 percent, bloody diarrhea; 4 (10 percent) failure to thrive; 4 (10 percent), colic/irritability and bloody normal deposition was present in 3 individuals (7.5 percent). Family and perinatal history: 35 (87.5 percent were bottle-fed during the first week of life; 31 (77.5 percent) had > 30 year old mothers; 28 (70 percent described 2 family members (parents/siblings) with atopy; 27 (67.5 percent were delivered via cesarean. At the 14 +/- 1.4-month follow-up, 19 (47.5 percent responded to extensively hydrolyzed formula +/- breastfeeding; 19 to amino acid formula +/- breastfeeding and one patient to breastfeeding exclusively. The Z -score for P/E was: -1.05 +/- 1.28; T/E: -0.96 +/- 1.60; BMI: -0.61 +/- 1.03 in the first consultation; after a year, scores improved: P/E: -0.15 +/- 1.24; T/E: -0.29 +/- 1.14 and BMI: -0.04 +/- 1.20 (p < 0.05), independent from formula (p = NS). 23 (74 percent) tolerated whole milk when reached a year old. Conclusions: In this study, the predominant early symptoms were...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Animals , Female , Infant , Digestive System Diseases/etiology , Milk Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Milk Hypersensitivity/therapy , Milk Proteins/adverse effects , Diarrhea/etiology , Milk Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Infant Formula , Nutritional Status , Milk Proteins/administration & dosage , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Laryngopharyngeal Reflux/etiology , Skin Tests , Vomiting/etiology
3.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-674924

ABSTRACT

Este estudo qualitativo teve como objetivo compreender as percepções de familiares de crianças e adolescentes com alergia à proteína do leite de vaca (APLV) em relação à doença e seu tratamento. Foram realizadas nove entrevistas e foi utilizado o método de análise de conteúdo. Surgiram três categorias com subcategorias: tratamento e educação do paciente e familiare(experiências vividas, base do tratamento e como lidar com a doença), resolução da doença (expectativa e melhoragradativa), qualidade de vida (inclusão social, cotidiano familiar e custo dos alimentos). Os familiares vivenciaram dificuldades durante o início do tratamento, mas revelaram que as orientações fornecidas no seguimento tornaram as adaptações à doença mais fáceis. Comentaram sobre as dificuldades em obter a colaboração de outros membros da família em relação à dieta de exclusão, suas experiências frente a uma reação alérgica, dúvidas quanto ao tratamento e lacunas do conhecimento sobre adoença entre outros médicos e na população em geral. Alguns deles acreditavam que não havia tratamento para a APLV, porque não existiam medicamentos ou vacinas, mas mantinham a esperança da descoberta de uma cura. A maioria dos familiares estava satisfeita com a melhora gradativa dos seus filhos, percebida pela redução da gravidade dos sintomas e tolerância a traços de leite. Também comentaram sobre os esforços em proporcionar uma vida normal para seus filhos, as mudanças em suas vidas e a dificuldade em comprar alimentos especiais. Em conclusão, os familiares de crianças e adolescentes com APLV sentem grande impacto da doença.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Humans , Feeding and Eating Disorders , Food Hypersensitivity , Foods, Specialized , Feeding Behavior , Milk Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Milk Hypersensitivity/therapy , Qualitative Research , Quality of Life
4.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 83(1): 78-83, feb. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-627471

ABSTRACT

Food allergies are defined as an immune reaction to a food protein. It may be mediated by IgE antibodies or not, or by mixed mechanisms. During the first year of life, allergy to dairy products is the most frequent cause of food allergy. This paper reviews mechanisms and management of allergy to dairy products.


Se define alergia alimentaria como una reacción adversa que se produce frente a la exposición de un alimento, mediada por una respuesta inmune específica y reproducible. La alergia alimentaria puede ser mediada por anticuerpos de tipo IgE, por mecanismos mixtos o no mediada por IgE. Durante el primer año de vida la alergia a la proteína de leche de vaca (APLV) es la forma más frecuente de presentación de la alergia alimentaria. Esta revisión pretende entregar una propuesta al enfrentamiento clínico de un lactante menor de un año con sospecha de APLV.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Milk Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Milk Hypersensitivity/therapy , Milk Proteins/adverse effects , Algorithms , Milk Hypersensitivity/etiology , Immunoglobulin E
5.
Pediatr. mod ; 48(2)fev. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-661186

ABSTRACT

Revisão do sempre momentoso tema da alergia às proteínas do leite de vaca, o trabalho trata de sua definição, frequência, diagnóstico clínico, exames complementares e tratamento. Neste particular, aborda as medidas terapêuticas a serem tomadas em situações de emergência e no decorrer da evolução do processo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Milk Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Milk Hypersensitivity/therapy , Breast-Milk Substitutes
7.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 81(2): 139-147, abr. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-563139

ABSTRACT

There is a lack of information in our country regarding allergies among infants. Objective: Measure the frequency of allergic reactions among children of an upper middle and upper socioeconomic group in Santiago, during their first year of life. Method: Chart information and telephone follow up every 3 months for a period of 12 months. Results: 7.2% of the children presented symptoms suggestive of allergies, and represented the "candidate group". At 12 months, all cases were reviewed, and 3.4% were thought to be probably allergic (48% of candidates). In all cases, the stimulus was thought to be cow's milk. Most frequent were digestive symptoms (88%), while three children had serious illness which included skin, respiratory and digestive symptoms. Treatment included maintenance of nursing when posible, and withdrawal of cow's milk from the diet, with success in all cases. Conclusion: The frequency of allergic type manifestations obtained by phone along the first year of life nearly doubled the number of diagnoses at 12 m of age. Figures obtained in the segment of population assessed were lower than those reported in other countries, mainly in Europe.


En nuestro país falta información sobre las manifestaciones de alergia en lactantes. Objetivo: Medir la frecuencia de manifestaciones alérgicas durante el primer año de vida en una cohorte de nivel socioeconómico medio y alto, nacida de Santiago. Metodología: Seguimiento de cohorte mediante llamadas telefónicas cada tres meses, durante 12 meses e información de fichas de médicos tratantes. Resultados: 7,2% reportaron síntomas potencialmente alérgicos y representaron al "grupo candidato". A los 12 meses, la evaluación caso a caso llevó a considerar que en 3,4% de la cohorte el diagnóstico más probable era alergia (48% de los candidatos); en todos los casos la proteína ofensora fue de leche de vaca. Las manifestaciones digestivas fueron las más frecuentemente informadas (88% de los casos). Tres niños tuvieron manifestaciones graves que incluían piel, aparato respiratorio y digestivo. El tratamiento mantuvo el amamantamiento cuando fue posible y retiró la leche de vaca de la dieta materna. Este tratamiento fue exitoso en todos los casos. Conclusión: La frecuencia de manifestaciones tipo alérgico a lo largo del año fue alrededor del doble de los casos considerados probablemente alérgicos a los 12 meses. Las frecuencias encontradas en el segmento de la población chilena evaluada fueron menores que la informada en otros países, especialmente europeos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Dermatitis, Atopic/etiology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/etiology , Milk Hypersensitivity/complications , Milk Hypersensitivity/etiology , Breast-Milk Substitutes , Cohort Studies , Chile/epidemiology , Dermatitis, Atopic/epidemiology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Diseases/epidemiology , Follow-Up Studies , Milk Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Milk Hypersensitivity/therapy , Milk/adverse effects
8.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-552750

ABSTRACT

A enteropatia induzida por proteína alimentar, uma das formas de apresentação de hipersensibilidade alimentar, tem na alergia à proteína do leite de vaca a causa mais comum dessa síndrome. Ocorre comumente em lactentes, e o diagnóstico depende de uma anamnese minuciosa associada a uma resposta clínica favorável à retirada do antígeno. No presente relato, paciente do sexo feminino de 1 ano e 8 meses, interna para investigação de desnutrição calórico-proteica grave com história de vômitos, diarreia sanguinolenta e perda ponderal pronunciada a partir dos 8 meses de idade. Amamentação exclusiva no primeiro mês de vida e fórmula láctea do segundo ao quarto mês; desde então, com leite de vaca integral. Na admissão, chorosa, irritada, emagrecida, desidratada, cabelos despigmentados e quebradiços, em anasarca e com hepatomegalia. Exames laboratoriais revelaram anemia megaloblástica, leucocitose e hipoalbuminemia. Hipóteses diagnósticas: doença celíaca, fibrose cística e alergia à proteína do leite de vaca. Realizada endoscopia digestiva alta com biópsia: discreto aumento de eosinófilos na lâmina própria em mucosa gástrica e duodenal e esofagite crônica discreta com raros eosinófilos intraepiteliais. Teste do suor negativo. Estabelecido o diagnóstico de alergia à proteína do leite de vaca desencadeando um quadro de desnutrição calórico-proteica grave do tipo kwashiorkor e iniciada dieta com hidrolisado proteico. A alergia à proteína do leite de vaca é uma apresentação clínica frequente de alergia alimentar em lactentes e pré-escolares, sendo as repercussões gastrintestinais e nutricionais significativas nessa faixa etária. Dessa forma, o diagnóstico de alergia à proteína do leite de vaca deve ser considerado em pacientes com desnutrição calórico-proteica, uma vez que a desnutrição primária, por ingestão insuficiente, tenha sido excluída.


Dietary protein-induced enteropathy is one of the presentations of food allergy, and cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is its most common cause, frequently affecting infants. Diagnosis depends on thorough history associated with favorable clinical response to the antigen with drawal. This case report describes the case of a twenty-month-old female patient admitted to investigate protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) with severe vomiting, bloody diarrhea and significant weight loss since eight months of age. She was breastfed during the first month of life, receiving infant formula up to the fourth month and, since then, whole cow's milk. At admission, the patient was very irritable, crying, angry, dehydrated, with severe weight loss, brittle and depigmented hair, edema and hepatomegaly. Laboratory tests showed megaloblastic anemia, leukocytosis and hypoalbuminemia. Diagnostic hypotheses: celiac disease, cystic fibrosis and CMPA. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy showed slight increase in intra-epithelial eosinophils in the duodenum and chronic mild esophagitis with rare eosinophil infiltrate. Sweat test was negative. Diagnosis of kwashiorkor-type malnutrition triggered by CMPA was made, and hydrolyzed protein diet was started with favorable clinical outcome. CMPA is a prevalent clinical presentation of food allergy in infants and preschool children, and nutritional consequences are also important in these age groups. Therefore, CMPA diagnosis should always be considered in patients with PEM, provided the primary malnutrition secondary to insufficient food intake is excluded.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/complications , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/diagnosis , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/diet therapy , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/epidemiology , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/therapy , Milk Hypersensitivity/complications , Milk Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Milk Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Milk Hypersensitivity/pathology , Milk Hypersensitivity/therapy , Intestinal Diseases/complications , Intestinal Diseases/diagnosis , Intestinal Diseases/pathology
11.
Revue Maghrebine de Pediatrie [La]. 2006; 16 (2): 73-79
in French | IMEMR | ID: emr-80484

ABSTRACT

Cows milk allergy [CMA] is a frequent disorder in infancy. The aim of this report is to describe the wide range of symptoms and underline particular aspects. We studied retrospectively 15 cases of CMA collected beetwen 1998 and 2003 in Medecine infantile A service. 15 infants had CMA. They were 10 boys and 5 girls, aged 15 days to 6 months. Sixpatients had a positive familial history of atopy. Patients were given cow milk by the mean age of 24 days [birth, 3 months]. Symptoms were: urticaria [n=3], rectal bleeding [n=5] associated to diarrhoea and to haematemesis [n=3], and chronic diarrhoea [n=7]. Ten patients have various symptoms atopic dermatitis [n=4], gastroesophageal reflux [n=3], two of them have esophagitis, gastritis [n=3], and recurrent wheeze [n=3]. 14 infants received extensively hydrolysed formula, and one patient requires amino acid based formula. Six patients required specific nutrition: continuious enteral nutrition [n=3], and parenteral nutrition [n=3]. All patients tolerated cow's milk protein by the mean delay of 17 months [11 to 32 months]


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Proctocolitis , Milk Hypersensitivity/therapy
12.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 16(2): 87-90, jun. 1998.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-252885

ABSTRACT

Os autores avaliam a utilizaçäo de um preparado de proteina isolada de soja em 13 crianças portadoras de alergia ao leite de vaca, quanto à aceitaçäo do preparado, regressäo da sintomatologia clínica e desenvolvimento de alergia à soja. A idade média do diagnóstico foi de 10 meses, com início da sintomatologia em média aos 4,6 meses. As manifestaçöes clínicas foram variadas, destacando-se choque anafilático em um caso e síndrome da alergia oral em dois...


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Milk Hypersensitivity/therapy , Soybean Proteins/therapeutic use
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